{"id":50386,"date":"2023-12-06T21:41:57","date_gmt":"2023-12-06T15:56:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/?p=50386"},"modified":"2023-12-06T21:42:02","modified_gmt":"2023-12-06T15:57:02","slug":"froth-flotation-advantages-disadvantages","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/froth-flotation-advantages-disadvantages\/","title":{"rendered":"Froth Flotation: Principle, Factors affecting, Advantages, Disadvantages"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1205\" height=\"631\" src=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Froth-flotation.jpg\" alt=\"Froth flotation\" class=\"wp-image-50392\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Froth-flotation.jpg 1205w, https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Froth-flotation-300x157.jpg 300w, https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Froth-flotation-1024x536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Froth-flotation-768x402.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1205px) 100vw, 1205px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Froth flotation is a method of separating minerals suspended in liquids by attaching them to gas bubbles to produce selective levitation of the solid particles. It is the most often used procedure for separating chemically related minerals and concentrating ores for economical smelting. Flotation is a selective process that can be used to separate complicated ores such as lead-zinc, copper-<a href=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/zincz-element-amazing-properties-uses\/\">zinc<\/a>, and so on.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_65 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #0a0a0a;color:#0a0a0a\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #0a0a0a;color:#0a0a0a\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/froth-flotation-advantages-disadvantages\/#what-is-froth-flotation\" title=\"What is froth flotation?\">What is froth flotation?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/froth-flotation-advantages-disadvantages\/#principle-of-froth-flotation\" title=\"Principle of froth flotation\">Principle of froth flotation<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/froth-flotation-advantages-disadvantages\/#floatation-reagents\" title=\"Floatation reagents\">Floatation reagents<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/froth-flotation-advantages-disadvantages\/#collectors\" title=\"Collectors\">Collectors<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/froth-flotation-advantages-disadvantages\/#frothers\" title=\"Frothers\">Frothers<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/froth-flotation-advantages-disadvantages\/#modifying-agents\" title=\"Modifying&nbsp;Agents\">Modifying&nbsp;Agents<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/froth-flotation-advantages-disadvantages\/#mechanism-of-froth-floatation\" title=\"Mechanism of froth floatation\">Mechanism of froth floatation<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/froth-flotation-advantages-disadvantages\/#factors-affecting-froth-floatation\" title=\"Factors affecting froth floatation\">Factors affecting froth floatation<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/froth-flotation-advantages-disadvantages\/#particle-size-in-grinding\" title=\"Particle Size in Grinding\">Particle Size in Grinding<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/froth-flotation-advantages-disadvantages\/#excessive-slurry-of-ore\" title=\"Excessive Slurry of Ore\">Excessive Slurry of Ore<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/froth-flotation-advantages-disadvantages\/#aeration-and-mixing\" title=\"Aeration and mixing\">Aeration and mixing<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/froth-flotation-advantages-disadvantages\/#-flotation-period\" title=\"&nbsp;Flotation Period\">&nbsp;Flotation Period<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/froth-flotation-advantages-disadvantages\/#-the-quality-of-the-water\" title=\"&nbsp;The quality of the water\">&nbsp;The quality of the water<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/froth-flotation-advantages-disadvantages\/#the-density-of-pulp\" title=\"The density of pulp\">The density of pulp<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/froth-flotation-advantages-disadvantages\/#advantages-of-froth-floatation\" title=\"Advantages of froth floatation\">Advantages of froth floatation<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/froth-flotation-advantages-disadvantages\/#high-separation-efficiency\" title=\"High separation efficiency\">High separation efficiency<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/froth-flotation-advantages-disadvantages\/#high-efficiency-of-mineral-recovery\" title=\"High efficiency of mineral recovery\">High efficiency of mineral recovery<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/froth-flotation-advantages-disadvantages\/#widespread-application\" title=\"Widespread application\">Widespread application<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/froth-flotation-advantages-disadvantages\/#disadvantages-of-froth-floatation\" title=\"Disadvantages of froth floatation\">Disadvantages of froth floatation<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/froth-flotation-advantages-disadvantages\/#excessive-reagent-usage\" title=\"Excessive reagent usage\">Excessive reagent usage<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/froth-flotation-advantages-disadvantages\/#high-price\" title=\"High price\">High price<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/froth-flotation-advantages-disadvantages\/#grinding-size\" title=\"Grinding size\">Grinding size<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/froth-flotation-advantages-disadvantages\/#pollution-of-the-environment\" title=\"Pollution of the environment\">Pollution of the environment<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/froth-flotation-advantages-disadvantages\/#numerous-aspects-to-consider\" title=\"Numerous aspects to consider\">Numerous aspects to consider<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/froth-flotation-advantages-disadvantages\/#references\" title=\"References\">References<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"what-is-froth-flotation\"><\/span><strong>What is froth flotation?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Froth flotation is the separation of minerals that differ little in density but substantially in wettability by surfactants that stabilize a froth produced on the surface of an agitated solution of the minerals in water.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Froth flotation is a versatile process for physically separating particles based on differences in the ability of air bubbles to preferentially attach to specific mineral surfaces in a mineral\/water slurry. The particles that have connected air bubbles are transported to the surface and ejected, whereas the thoroughly soaked particles&nbsp;remain in the liquid phase. Because chemical treatments can be used to selectively change mineral surfaces so that they have the requisite properties for&nbsp;separation, froth flotation can be applied to a wide range of mineral separations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Froth flotation is a commonly utilized metallurgical technology that is employed in a variety of sectors such as mineral processing and wastewater&nbsp;treatment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>During the flotation process, air is bubbled through a suspension of fine iron ore in water with a tiny amount of flotation reagent added. This reagent changes the surface of either the iron oxide or the main gangue component, which is usually silica&nbsp;so that these particles adhere to the iron oxide.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"principle-of-froth-flotation\"><\/span><strong>Principle of froth flotation<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The differences in physicochemical surface qualities of distinct minerals are used in froth flotation. Differences in surface qualities between the minerals inside the flotation pulp become obvious after reagent treatment, and for flotation to occur, an air bubble must be able to attach itself to a particle and raise it to the surface.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So the separation of a solid mixture using froth flotation techniques is dependent on the difference in surface characteristics of the components involved. If the mixture is suspended in an aerated liquid, the gas bubbles will tend to stick more to the constituent that the liquid finds harder to wet (hydrophilic). As a result, the constituent&#8217;s effective density will be reduced to the extent that it rises to the surface, and the material that is more suited to the liquid will be surrounded by it and will sink naturally, resulting in a separation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Before the particles are discharged, frothing agents that induce the creation of sufficiently stable froth are introduced to suspend or keep the particles in the froth on the surface.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"floatation-reagents\"><\/span><strong>Floatation reagents<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Generally, three types of flotation reagents are employed for successful flotation. They are collectors, frothers, and modifiers. A number of inorganic chemicals are included in addition to surfactants. These are utilized as pH regulators (lime, soda ash, sulphuric acid, caustic soda, and so on), activators (metal ions), or depressants (soluble silicates and sulfides, as well as organic polymeric compounds).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"collectors\"><\/span><strong>Collectors<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The collector is the most significant reagent in the flotation of iron ore. The collector reagent promotes affinity between mineral particles and air bubbles by forming a water-repellent coating on the surface of the mineral particle. Most collectors in use today are heteropolar, which means they have both a polar (charged) and a non-polar (uncharged) group. When these molecules are linked to the mineral particle, the non-polar or hydrocarbon group extends outward. As a result of this orientation, a hydrophobic hydrocarbon coating forms on the mineral surface. The most popular collectors for iron-bearing minerals are fatty acids, resin acids, soaps, and alkyl sulfates.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"frothers\"><\/span><strong>Frothers<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Frothers, as defined by flotation operators, are substances employed specifically to create a flotation froth. However, most collectors used in iron ore processing create enough froths.&nbsp;Pine oil, aliphatic alcohols, polypropylene glycol, alkyl ethers of polypropylene glycol, and cresylic acids are the most commonly utilized frothers in iron ore flotation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"modifying-agents\"><\/span><strong>Modifying&nbsp;Agents<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>All reagents other than collectors and frothers are considered modifying agents. Although the collector is the heart of the flotation separation, it is the different modifying agents or modifiers that allow the relatively few collectors to be applied to a wide range of mineral systems.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The modifying agents are categorized into distinct classes based on the main characteristic of their activity. Accordingly, modifying agents are those additions, either organic or inorganic, that, depending on whether the concentrate is a froth product or not, may be&nbsp;pH-neutral or act to hinder the flotation of valuables or gangue minerals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"mechanism-of-froth-floatation\"><\/span><strong>Mechanism of froth floatation<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The difference in the wetting ability of the ore and remaining contaminants is the basic principle used in the froth flotation process. The particles are classified into two categories based on their capacity to wet:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Hydrophobic<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hydrophilic<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"568\" height=\"356\" src=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/image-23.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-50388\" style=\"width:297px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/image-23.png 568w, https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/image-23-300x188.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 568px) 100vw, 568px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>If the minerals are hydrophobic, then they can only be attracted to froth and not water. Once these minerals reach the surface due to the buoyant force of the froth, the particle-bubble interaction will be preserved only when a stabilized foam forms. The strength of the bubble&#8217;s adhesion to the mineral determines the stability of the froth. The Young-Dupre Equation is used to calculate this. This equation expresses the relationship between attachment strength and interfacial energy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"factors-affecting-froth-floatation\"><\/span><strong>Factors affecting<\/strong> <strong>froth floatation<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"particle-size-in-grinding\"><\/span><strong>Particle Size in Grinding<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Both large and tiny ore particles have an impact on flotation efficiency and mineral recovery.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Because of their heavy weight, flotation coarse particles are difficult to suspend in the flotation machine, and the chance of collision with the bubbles is reduced. Furthermore, because of the large dropout force, the coarse particles are easily detached from the air bubbles after adhering to them. As a result, under&nbsp;normal process circumstances, the coarse particles have a poor flotation effect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The fine particles in the flotation separation process are small in volume and have a low chance of colliding with the bubbles. When the fine grain collides with the bubble, it is hard to overcome the resistance of the hydration layer between the ore particle and the bubble, and it is tough to remain attached to the bubble.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"excessive-slurry-of-ore\"><\/span><strong>Excessive Slurry of Ore<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>If the froth machine has a lot of ore slurry, it will have a lot of negative effects on the flotation cells&#8217; mineral processing. The following are the primary influences:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1. It is simple to incorporate into the foam product, lowering the concentration grade.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. It is simple to cover the coarse grain surface, impacting coarse particle flotation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"aeration-and-mixing\"><\/span><strong>Aeration and mixing<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In addition to oxygen, nitrogen, and inert gases, the air contains carbon dioxide and water vapor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The gas has a selective influence on the mineral&#8217;s surface, with oxygen being the most essential factor influencing the&nbsp;mineral surface. The addition of oxygen improves the hydrophobicity of sulfide ores\/sulfine flotation; but, if the action period is too long, the mineral surface reverts to hydrophilicity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Stirring the slurry can promote the suspension of ore particles and their even distribution in the tank, thereby promoting the good dispersion of air and its even distribution in the tank. It can also promote the enhanced dissolution of air in the tank&#8217;s high-pressure area and strengthen the precipitation in the low-pressure area.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"-flotation-period\"><\/span>&nbsp;<strong>Flotation Period<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The flotation time has a direct impact on the indicator&#8217;s quality. When the period is too long, the grade of the concentrate falls; when the time is too short, the grade of the tailings rises. As a result, the flotation time necessary for different minerals must be determined through experimentation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"-the-quality-of-the-water\"><\/span><strong>&nbsp;The quality of the water<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Floating water should not have a high concentration of suspended particles, nor should it have soluble compounds or microorganisms that could interact with minerals or flotation reagents. This issue should be particularly noted when using backwater, pit water, or lake water.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"the-density-of-pulp\"><\/span><strong>The density of pulp<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A mineral with a high flotation density requires a thicker slurry, whereas a mineral with a low flotation density requires a thinner slurry. Coarse-grained materials are floated with thicker slurry, whereas fine-grained and muddy materials are floated with thinner ore.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"advantages-of-froth-floatation\"><\/span><strong>Advantages of froth floatation<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"high-separation-efficiency\"><\/span><strong>High separation efficiency<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Gravity separation cannot be used because of the fine particle size, small grain size, and density of the substance. However, for some minerals with little variation in magnetism, the tiny particle size may cause the particle to overcome fluid resistance due to insufficient magnetism, making separation problematic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>By adding flotation reagents, the froth flotation method\u2014whose separation efficiency is&nbsp;higher than that of other mineral processing technologies\u2014can be used to effectively separate useful minerals from gangue minerals based on the various surface properties of minerals. It is especially effective in treating fine minerals, which solves the problem of difficult recovery of useful components in many fine mineral particles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"high-efficiency-of-mineral-recovery\"><\/span><strong>High efficiency of mineral recovery<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The benefits of the froth flotation method include the ability to further process the rough concentrate, middlings, and tailings obtained by other mineral processing methods and select them as high-grade&nbsp;concentrate, as well as the ability to broaden the scope of mineral resources by transforming low-grade&nbsp;deposits that cannot be developed into valuable deposits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"widespread-application\"><\/span><strong>Widespread application<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>These days, there are other ways to separate things, such as magnetic and gravitational separation. However, all of these approaches rely on the mineral&#8217;s natural properties, such as magnetic properties or differences in specific gravity. However, froth flotation separates minerals using proper flotation reagents. The minerals that are separated change as the reagents change. In other words, the type of minerals does not affect&nbsp;froth flotation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The froth flotation method is one of the most extensively used processes, and it is prominent in many mineral processing technologies. It is capable of treating a wide range of non-ferrous metals, rare metals, and non-metallic minerals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"disadvantages-of-froth-floatation\"><\/span><strong>Disadvantages of froth floatation<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"excessive-reagent-usage\"><\/span><strong>Excessive reagent usage<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The froth requires flotation reagents. The mineral-containing froth is collected for separation. As a result, a large amount of reagent usage is unavoidable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"high-price\"><\/span><strong>High price<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Unlike other separation processes, froth flotation necessitates extensive maintenance and expense. Some critical factors include pulp pH, mineral fine grinding, and pulp temperature. When one-factor\u00a0changes, the total effect changes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Furthermore, the operating principle of the froth flotation method specifies that it is more difficult and stringent than the gravity and magnetic separation methods. Many aspects must be considered in the overall froth flotation procedure, including grinding fineness, pulp concentration, pulp pH value, flotation reagent system, aeration and agitation, flotation time, water quality, and pulp temperature. If one of these criteria falls short of the mark, the final concentration index is likely to suffer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"grinding-size\"><\/span><strong>Grinding size<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The grinding size is a significant aspect in obtaining a higher froth flotation index; the goal is to accomplish monomer separation of the floating material and gangue materials.&nbsp;However, if the grinding size is too coarse, the mineral will not be able to achieve monomer separation. If the grinding size is too fine, the dissociated mineral is readily worn, increasing the power consumption of the grinding machine and easily producing fine mud, reducing the effect of froth flotation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As a result, to&nbsp;acquire a better technical index and economic indicators, we must refer to the ore dressing test findings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"pollution-of-the-environment\"><\/span><strong>Pollution of the environment<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Pollution is caused by the flotation reagents, activators, and other chemicals that are released into the environment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"numerous-aspects-to-consider\"><\/span><strong>Numerous aspects to consider<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>There are numerous variables to consider, including pulp temperature and pH, flotation time, reagent system, and water quality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"references\"><\/span><strong>References<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>https:\/\/core.ac.uk\/download\/pdf\/297714789.pdf<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/earth-and-planetary-sciences\/flotation-froth#:~:text=Froth%20flotation%20is%20a%20physicochemical,17).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>https:\/\/www.vedantu.com\/jee-main\/chemistry-froth-flotation-principle-and-process<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/vjch.202100010<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>https:\/\/www.slideshare.net\/e_gulfam\/froth-floatation-23088879<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>https:\/\/unacademy.com\/content\/jee\/study-material\/chemistry\/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-froth-flotation\/<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Froth flotation is a method of separating minerals suspended in liquids by attaching them to gas bubbles to produce selective levitation of the solid particles. It is the most often &#8230; <a title=\"Froth Flotation: Principle, Factors affecting, Advantages, Disadvantages\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/froth-flotation-advantages-disadvantages\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Froth Flotation: Principle, Factors affecting, Advantages, Disadvantages\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":50392,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[3107,3108,3106,3103,3105,3104],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50386"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=50386"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50386\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":50393,"href":"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50386\/revisions\/50393"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/50392"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=50386"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=50386"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=50386"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}