{"id":50019,"date":"2023-10-30T09:07:33","date_gmt":"2023-10-30T03:22:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/?p=50019"},"modified":"2023-10-30T09:32:58","modified_gmt":"2023-10-30T03:47:58","slug":"bioethanol-production-applications-advantage","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/bioethanol-production-applications-advantage\/","title":{"rendered":"Bioethanol: Production, Applications, Advantages, Disadvantages"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1205\" height=\"631\" src=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Bioethanol-1.jpg\" alt=\"Bioethanol\" class=\"wp-image-50024\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Bioethanol-1.jpg 1205w, https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Bioethanol-1-300x157.jpg 300w, https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Bioethanol-1-1024x536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Bioethanol-1-768x402.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1205px) 100vw, 1205px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Bioethanol is a fuel derived from plants such as corn or sugarcane. Bioethanol fuel is mostly created through the sugar fermentation process, although it can also be made chemically by combining ethylene with steam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bioethanol is chemically equivalent to petroleum-derived ethanol. Corn, switchgrass, sugar cane, algae, and other biomass are common bioethanol feedstocks. The feedstocks are fermented, during which certain yeast species absorb the sugar in the feedstocks. Bioethanol and carbon dioxide are produced throughout the process.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The majority of the sugar used to make ethanol comes from fuel or energy crops. These crops include corn, maize,&nbsp;and wheat plants, waste straw, willow and oak trees, sawdust, reed canary grass, cord grasses, Jerusalem artichoke, &nbsp;and sorghum plants. In addition, research and development into the use of municipal solid waste to make ethanol fuel is ongoing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_65 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #0a0a0a;color:#0a0a0a\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #0a0a0a;color:#0a0a0a\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/bioethanol-production-applications-advantage\/#preparation-of-bioethanol\" title=\"Preparation of bioethanol\">Preparation of bioethanol<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/bioethanol-production-applications-advantage\/#concentrated-acid-hydrolysis\" title=\" Concentrated Acid Hydrolysis\"> Concentrated Acid Hydrolysis<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/bioethanol-production-applications-advantage\/#dilute-acid-hydrolysis\" title=\"Dilute Acid Hydrolysis\">Dilute Acid Hydrolysis<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/bioethanol-production-applications-advantage\/#hydrolysis-by-enzyme\" title=\"Hydrolysis by Enzyme\">Hydrolysis by Enzyme<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/bioethanol-production-applications-advantage\/#applications-of-bioethanol\" title=\"Applications of bioethanol\">Applications of bioethanol<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/bioethanol-production-applications-advantage\/#advantages-of-bioethanol\" title=\"Advantages of Bioethanol\">Advantages of Bioethanol<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/bioethanol-production-applications-advantage\/#disadvantages-of-bioethanol\" title=\"Disadvantages of bioethanol\">Disadvantages of bioethanol<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/bioethanol-production-applications-advantage\/#difference-between-bioethanol-and-ethanol\" title=\"Difference Between Bioethanol and Ethanol\">Difference Between Bioethanol and Ethanol<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/bioethanol-production-applications-advantage\/#references\" title=\"References\">References<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"preparation-of-bioethanol\"><\/span><strong>Preparation of bioethanol<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The hydrolysis and sugar fermentation processes can be used to create ethanol from biomass. The complex mixture of carbohydrate polymers from plant cell walls known as cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin is\u00a0found in biomass wastes. To manufacture sugars from biomass, the\u00a0material is pre-treated with acids or enzymes to reduce the size of the feedstock and open up the plant structure. The cellulose and hemicellulose components are hydrolyzed (broken down) by enzymes or dilute acids into sucrose sugar, which is\u00a0fermented to produce ethanol. Lignin, which is also included in biomass, is typically utilized as a fuel for the boilers of ethanol production plants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Production of bioethanol involves the following steps:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>pretreatment to remove hemicellulose and lignin from cellulose,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>hydrolysis of cellulose to get fermentable sugars.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>fermentation to convert carbohydrates into ethanol<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>distillation to separate and purify the ethanol.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Concentrated acid hydrolysis, dilute acid hydrolysis, and enzymatic hydrolysis are the three methods to extract ethanol from biomass.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"concentrated-acid-hydrolysis\"><\/span><strong> Concentrated Acid Hydrolysis<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>This process employs the addition of 70-77% sulphuric acid to biomass that has been dried to a moisture content of 10%. The acid is added at a ratio of 1.25 acid to 1 biomass, and the temperature is kept at 50 degrees Celsius. After adding water to dilute the acid to 20-30%, the liquid is heated to 100\u00b0C for 1 hour. The gel formed from this mixture is then pressed to yield an acid-sugar mixture, which is separated using a chromatographic column.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"dilute-acid-hydrolysis\"><\/span><strong>Dilute Acid Hydrolysis<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>One of the oldest, simplest, and most efficient techniques of creating ethanol from biomass is dilute acid hydrolysis. To hydrolyze the biomass to sugar, dilute acid is utilized. The first stage hydrolyzes the hemicellulose in the biomass with 0.7% sulphuric acid at 190\u00b0C. The second stage is designed to produce a more resistant cellulose fraction. This is accomplished by utilizing 0.4% sulphuric acid at 215oC.&nbsp;After that, the liquid hydrolates are neutralized and recovered from the process.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"hydrolysis-by-enzyme\"><\/span><strong>Hydrolysis by Enzyme<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Instead of employing acid to hydrolyze the biomass into sucrose, we can use enzymes to perform the same thing. This method, however, is quite expensive and is still in its early phases of development.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"applications-of-bioethanol\"><\/span><strong>Applications of bioethanol<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>As an alternative to fuel, bioethanol can be utilized in petrol engines. It can be combined with petrol in almost any proportion. The majority of existing petrol engines run on bioethanol\/petroleum mixtures of up to 15%.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bioethanol&#8217;s greater octane rating than ethanol-free petrol raises an engine&#8217;s compression ratio, increasing thermal efficiency. It is also used as a fuel source for bioethanol fireplaces. It is ideal for home usage because it is flueless and does not require a chimney.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Thermal combustion fuel for electricity generation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Energy source for cogeneration units<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In the chemical industry, it is used as&nbsp;feedstock.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Thermochemical reactions provide fuel for fuel cells.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"advantages-of-bioethanol\"><\/span><strong>Advantages of Bioethanol<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>It burns more completely than petrol, producing a far cleaner emission.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>As long as it contains starch or sugar, there are multiple sources for this fuel.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It improves energy security by shifting the requirement for certain foreign-sourced oil to domestically produced energy sources.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is a non-toxic, renewable resource.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It degrades naturally.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It helps to reduce global warming.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It contributes to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It lessens reliance on crude oil.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It helps to reduce air pollution.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It generates new work opportunities in the agriculture and biofuel production industries.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"disadvantages-of-bioethanol\"><\/span><strong>Disadvantages of bioethanol<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>When compared to regular gasoline, ethanol fuel has a lower volumetric energy density, which means automobiles require more bioethanol per kilometer.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It may damage some elastomers and corrode certain metals inside the vehicle, necessitating frequent replacement.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>When utilized in pure form (E100 blend), bioethanol is difficult to evaporate at low temperatures, making E100-equipped vehicles more difficult to start in cold weather.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"difference-between-bioethanol-and-ethanol\"><\/span><strong>Difference Between Bioethanol and <a href=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/ethanol-preparation-properties-uses\/\">Ethanol<\/a><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Bioethanol and ethanol share physical and chemical properties. The main difference is the resources used to produce these fuels.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bioethanol is made by fermenting sugars in plants, whereas ethanol is made by fermenting starches.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Furthermore, because bioethanol has a higher octane rating than ethanol, it burns more efficiently and cleanly.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"references\"><\/span><strong>References<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>https:\/\/www.carboncollective.co\/sustainable-investing\/bioethanol.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>https:\/\/www.azocleantech.com\/article.aspx?ArticleID=403.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>https:\/\/www.esru.strath.ac.uk\/EandE\/Web_sites\/02-03\/biofuels\/what_bioethanol.htm.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>https:\/\/www.intechopen.com\/chapters\/74319<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bioethanol is a fuel derived from plants such as corn or sugarcane. Bioethanol fuel is mostly created through the sugar fermentation process, although it can also be made chemically by &#8230; <a title=\"Bioethanol: Production, Applications, Advantages, Disadvantages\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/bioethanol-production-applications-advantage\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Bioethanol: Production, Applications, Advantages, Disadvantages\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":50025,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[3041,3039,3038,3042,3040],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50019"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=50019"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50019\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":50026,"href":"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50019\/revisions\/50026"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/50025"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=50019"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=50019"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thechemistrynotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=50019"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}