Online Chemistry Notes for Students
Organic Compounds Definition Organic compounds are chemical compounds composed of one or more carbon atoms bonded to other elements like hydrogen, oxygen, or nitrogen. Organic compounds consist of multiple carbon-hydrogen and carbon-carbon bonds that hold the structures together. Organic compounds are the result of the catenation property of carbon atoms as they can form chains … Read more
Nitrate Definition Nitrate is a nitrogen oxoanion formed by the loss of hydrogen from nitric acid with a charge of -1, one nitrogen atom, and three oxygen atoms. It is a polyatomic ion with the molecular formula NO3– that is commonly used in the form of salts in fertilizers and explosives. Nitrate is a monovalent … Read more
Covalent bond Definition A covalent bond is a type of chemical bonding resulting from the mutual sharing of electrons between two atoms of the same or different elements. The bond is the electrostatic interaction between the electrons present in the orbit of one atom and the protons present in the nucleus of the other atom. … Read more
Alkali Definition Alkali is a basic soluble hydroxide of alkali metals or alkaline earth metals. These are strong bases that share most of the characteristics of bases like the formation of neutral salts with acids and the conversion of red litmus paper into the blue. The term alkali is derived from the Arabic work ‘al … Read more
Hydrogen Bond Definition A hydrogen bond is an attractive force between the hydrogen atom of one molecule bound and more electronegative atoms of the same molecule or other molecules. The hydrogen bond is weaker than a covalent bond, and thus, the bond length is longer. The hydrogen bond is denoted by a dotted line (…). … Read more
Covalent Bond Definition The covalent bond is a type of chemical bond between the atoms of the same or different elements by the mutual sharing of pairs of electrons. Covalent bonding is the result of attractive forces between the electrons and the nuclei as well as the repulsive forces between the shared electrons. In a … Read more
Ionic Bond Definition The ionic bond is a type of chemical interaction or linkage as a result of electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions or atoms having different electronegativities. The ionic bond is one of the three major types of chemical bonds occurring between chemical units in order to reach a stable state. During the … Read more
Cation Definition A cation is an atom or a group of atoms bearing one or more positive electric charges. Cations are formed in various ways, some of which are: When electrons are removed from neutral atoms or ions or other molecules. By the combination of positive ions with other molecules. By rupture of covalent when … Read more